Vor dem heutigen Start der COP22 UN-Klimakonferenz in Marrakesch ist am 3. November 2016 der "The Emissions Gap Report 2016" der UNEP erschienen. In diesem UNEP-Report wurde vor allem auch auf jene 3 Schlüsselsektoren tiefgreifend eingegangen, die wesentlich die Zielerreichung des ambitionierten Pariser Klimaabkommen beschleunigen können. Die größten Reduktionspotentiale an CO2-Emissionen weist dabei der Gebäudesektor aus.
Nachstehend die Originalauszüge:
Seite 32, Box 5.1:
"Increased access to energy and reduced fuel poverty.
Tyrol, Austria. A 2007 housing subsidy was introduced that provides funding for social housing to overcome the additional costs of a passive design. Tyrol has the highest density of passive houses in the world, with a 21 per cent share in 2014 (Passive House Institute, 2015)."
Seite 35, 5.2.3. Highly energy efficient buildings:
"The passivehaus standard.
In terms of energy performance, one of the most ambitious building energy certification schemes is the so-called “Passivehaus” standard. This standard encourages very low-energy buildings from a heating and cooling perspective, with low thermal losses and optimized thermal gains (Schnieders, 2003; Feist et al., 2005). The Passivehaus standard has been adapted to different climate zones worldwide and further developed with the common target that annual final energy use for heating and cooling – not exceeding 15 kilowatt hour (kWh)per m² per year. This target represents a reduction of up to 90 per cent in energy demand for heating and cooling for most existing buildings (Feist et al., 2005). The standard has become popular in several countries, and is experiencing a dynamic market adoption in several regions. The global floor area of Passivehauses has grown from 10 million m² in 2010 to 46 million m² in 2016, with the most activity occurring in Europe (personal correspondence: Passive House Institute and Gunter Lang). Presently, the price premium for new Passivehauses in several countries is comparable to standard construction costs (Treberspurg and Djalili, 2013)."
"Energy positive (or e+) buildings.
These are buildings that generate more (renewable) energy on-site than they use. Examples can be found in a number of countries, including Australia, France, Germany, Norway, the UK and the USA. These highly efficient buildings can play an important and more active role in the overall energy system, since they can act as potential micro-energy hubs, supplying energy to local neighbourhoods through peer-to-peer networks. This offers opportunities to generate and store renewable energy (both thermal and electric) on-site, as well as deliver significant distributed demand response(De Groote et al., 2016). Recognizing the promise of highly energy efficient buildings and their societal co-benefits (Treberspurg Djalili, 2013; Schnieders and Hermelink, 2006), some jurisdictions are now recommending or mandating them as standards for different building types. For instance, since 2010, in Brussels (Belgium) all new public buildings are mandated to be built to the Passivehaus standard, and as of January 2015 it is a mandatory requirement for all new buildings and major retrofits (EnEffect, 2014). Hanover, Germany does not have mandatory Passivehaus policies, however the local housing market has transformed to offer high efficiency as a standard option, and approximately one-third of all new construction voluntarily conforms to the Passivehaus standard (Passive House Institute, 2015)."